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38 * \brief This file defines high-level functions for mdrun to compute
39 * energies and forces for listed interactions.
41 * \author Mark Abraham <mark.j.abraham@gmail.com>
43 * \ingroup module_listed_forces
47 #include "listed_forces.h"
54 #include "gromacs/gmxlib/network.h"
55 #include "gromacs/gmxlib/nrnb.h"
56 #include "gromacs/listed_forces/bonded.h"
57 #include "gromacs/listed_forces/disre.h"
58 #include "gromacs/listed_forces/orires.h"
59 #include "gromacs/listed_forces/pairs.h"
60 #include "gromacs/listed_forces/position_restraints.h"
61 #include "gromacs/math/vec.h"
62 #include "gromacs/mdlib/enerdata_utils.h"
63 #include "gromacs/mdlib/force.h"
64 #include "gromacs/mdlib/gmx_omp_nthreads.h"
65 #include "gromacs/mdtypes/commrec.h"
66 #include "gromacs/mdtypes/fcdata.h"
67 #include "gromacs/mdtypes/forceoutput.h"
68 #include "gromacs/mdtypes/forcerec.h"
69 #include "gromacs/mdtypes/inputrec.h"
70 #include "gromacs/mdtypes/md_enums.h"
71 #include "gromacs/mdtypes/simulation_workload.h"
72 #include "gromacs/pbcutil/ishift.h"
73 #include "gromacs/pbcutil/pbc.h"
74 #include "gromacs/timing/wallcycle.h"
75 #include "gromacs/topology/topology.h"
76 #include "gromacs/utility/exceptions.h"
77 #include "gromacs/utility/fatalerror.h"
79 #include "listed_internal.h"
80 #include "manage_threading.h"
81 #include "utilities.h"
83 ListedForces::ListedForces(const int numEnergyGroups, const int numThreads, FILE* fplog) :
84 threading_(std::make_unique<bonded_threading_t>(numThreads, numEnergyGroups, fplog)),
85 fcdata_(std::make_unique<t_fcdata>())
89 ListedForces::~ListedForces() = default;
91 void ListedForces::setup(const InteractionDefinitions& idef, const int numAtomsForce, const bool useGpu)
95 setup_bonded_threading(threading_.get(), numAtomsForce, useGpu, *idef_);
97 if (idef_->ilsort == ilsortFE_SORTED)
99 forceBufferLambda_.resize(numAtomsForce * sizeof(rvec4) / sizeof(real));
100 shiftForceBufferLambda_.resize(SHIFTS);
109 /*! \brief Return true if ftype is an explicit pair-listed LJ or
110 * COULOMB interaction type: bonded LJ (usually 1-4), or special
111 * listed non-bonded for FEP. */
112 bool isPairInteraction(int ftype)
114 return ((ftype) >= F_LJ14 && (ftype) <= F_LJC_PAIRS_NB);
117 /*! \brief Zero thread-local output buffers */
118 void zero_thread_output(f_thread_t* f_t)
120 constexpr int nelem_fa = sizeof(f_t->f[0]) / sizeof(real);
122 for (int i = 0; i < f_t->nblock_used; i++)
124 int a0 = f_t->block_index[i] * reduction_block_size;
125 int a1 = a0 + reduction_block_size;
126 for (int a = a0; a < a1; a++)
128 for (int d = 0; d < nelem_fa; d++)
135 for (int i = 0; i < SHIFTS; i++)
137 clear_rvec(f_t->fshift[i]);
139 for (int i = 0; i < F_NRE; i++)
143 for (int i = 0; i < egNR; i++)
145 for (int j = 0; j < f_t->grpp.nener; j++)
147 f_t->grpp.ener[i][j] = 0;
150 for (int i = 0; i < efptNR; i++)
156 /*! \brief The max thread number is arbitrary, we used a fixed number
157 * to avoid memory management. Using more than 16 threads is probably
158 * never useful performance wise. */
159 #define MAX_BONDED_THREADS 256
161 /*! \brief Reduce thread-local force buffers */
162 void reduce_thread_forces(gmx::ArrayRef<gmx::RVec> force, const bonded_threading_t* bt, int nthreads)
164 if (nthreads > MAX_BONDED_THREADS)
166 gmx_fatal(FARGS, "Can not reduce bonded forces on more than %d threads", MAX_BONDED_THREADS);
169 rvec* gmx_restrict f = as_rvec_array(force.data());
171 const int numAtomsForce = bt->numAtomsForce;
173 /* This reduction can run on any number of threads,
174 * independently of bt->nthreads.
175 * But if nthreads matches bt->nthreads (which it currently does)
176 * the uniform distribution of the touched blocks over nthreads will
177 * match the distribution of bonded over threads well in most cases,
178 * which means that threads mostly reduce their own data which increases
179 * the number of cache hits.
181 #pragma omp parallel for num_threads(nthreads) schedule(static)
182 for (int b = 0; b < bt->nblock_used; b++)
186 int ind = bt->block_index[b];
187 rvec4* fp[MAX_BONDED_THREADS];
189 /* Determine which threads contribute to this block */
191 for (int ft = 0; ft < bt->nthreads; ft++)
193 if (bitmask_is_set(bt->mask[ind], ft))
195 fp[nfb++] = bt->f_t[ft]->f;
200 /* Reduce force buffers for threads that contribute */
201 int a0 = ind * reduction_block_size;
202 int a1 = (ind + 1) * reduction_block_size;
203 /* It would be nice if we could pad f to avoid this min */
204 a1 = std::min(a1, numAtomsForce);
205 for (int a = a0; a < a1; a++)
207 for (int fb = 0; fb < nfb; fb++)
209 rvec_inc(f[a], fp[fb][a]);
214 GMX_CATCH_ALL_AND_EXIT_WITH_FATAL_ERROR
218 /*! \brief Reduce thread-local forces, shift forces and energies */
219 void reduce_thread_output(gmx::ForceWithShiftForces* forceWithShiftForces,
221 gmx_grppairener_t* grpp,
223 const bonded_threading_t* bt,
224 const gmx::StepWorkload& stepWork)
226 assert(bt->haveBondeds);
228 if (bt->nblock_used > 0)
230 /* Reduce the bonded force buffer */
231 reduce_thread_forces(forceWithShiftForces->force(), bt, bt->nthreads);
234 rvec* gmx_restrict fshift = as_rvec_array(forceWithShiftForces->shiftForces().data());
236 /* When necessary, reduce energy and virial using one thread only */
237 if ((stepWork.computeEnergy || stepWork.computeVirial || stepWork.computeDhdl) && bt->nthreads > 1)
239 gmx::ArrayRef<const std::unique_ptr<f_thread_t>> f_t = bt->f_t;
241 if (stepWork.computeVirial)
243 for (int i = 0; i < SHIFTS; i++)
245 for (int t = 1; t < bt->nthreads; t++)
247 rvec_inc(fshift[i], f_t[t]->fshift[i]);
251 if (stepWork.computeEnergy)
253 for (int i = 0; i < F_NRE; i++)
255 for (int t = 1; t < bt->nthreads; t++)
257 ener[i] += f_t[t]->ener[i];
260 for (int i = 0; i < egNR; i++)
262 for (int j = 0; j < f_t[1]->grpp.nener; j++)
264 for (int t = 1; t < bt->nthreads; t++)
266 grpp->ener[i][j] += f_t[t]->grpp.ener[i][j];
271 if (stepWork.computeDhdl)
273 for (int i = 0; i < efptNR; i++)
276 for (int t = 1; t < bt->nthreads; t++)
278 dvdl[i] += f_t[t]->dvdl[i];
285 /*! \brief Returns the bonded kernel flavor
287 * Note that energies are always requested when the virial
288 * is requested (performance gain would be small).
289 * Note that currently we do not have bonded kernels that
290 * do not compute forces.
292 BondedKernelFlavor selectBondedKernelFlavor(const gmx::StepWorkload& stepWork,
293 const bool useSimdKernels,
294 const bool havePerturbedInteractions)
296 BondedKernelFlavor flavor;
297 if (stepWork.computeEnergy || stepWork.computeVirial)
299 if (stepWork.computeVirial)
301 flavor = BondedKernelFlavor::ForcesAndVirialAndEnergy;
305 flavor = BondedKernelFlavor::ForcesAndEnergy;
310 if (useSimdKernels && !havePerturbedInteractions)
312 flavor = BondedKernelFlavor::ForcesSimdWhenAvailable;
316 flavor = BondedKernelFlavor::ForcesNoSimd;
323 /*! \brief Calculate one element of the list of bonded interactions
325 real calc_one_bond(int thread,
327 const InteractionDefinitions& idef,
328 ArrayRef<const int> iatoms,
329 const int numNonperturbedInteractions,
330 const WorkDivision& workDivision,
334 const t_forcerec* fr,
336 gmx_grppairener_t* grpp,
342 const gmx::StepWorkload& stepWork,
343 int* global_atom_index)
345 GMX_ASSERT(idef.ilsort == ilsortNO_FE || idef.ilsort == ilsortFE_SORTED,
346 "The topology should be marked either as no FE or sorted on FE");
348 const bool havePerturbedInteractions =
349 (idef.ilsort == ilsortFE_SORTED && numNonperturbedInteractions < iatoms.ssize());
350 BondedKernelFlavor flavor =
351 selectBondedKernelFlavor(stepWork, fr->use_simd_kernels, havePerturbedInteractions);
353 if (IS_RESTRAINT_TYPE(ftype))
355 efptFTYPE = efptRESTRAINT;
359 efptFTYPE = efptBONDED;
362 const int nat1 = interaction_function[ftype].nratoms + 1;
363 const int nbonds = iatoms.ssize() / nat1;
365 GMX_ASSERT(fr->gpuBonded != nullptr || workDivision.end(ftype) == iatoms.ssize(),
366 "The thread division should match the topology");
368 const int nb0 = workDivision.bound(ftype, thread);
369 const int nbn = workDivision.bound(ftype, thread + 1) - nb0;
371 ArrayRef<const t_iparams> iparams = idef.iparams;
374 if (!isPairInteraction(ftype))
378 /* TODO The execution time for CMAP dihedrals might be
379 nice to account to its own subtimer, but first
380 wallcycle needs to be extended to support calling from
382 v = cmap_dihs(nbn, iatoms.data() + nb0, iparams.data(), &idef.cmap_grid, x, f, fshift,
383 pbc, lambda[efptFTYPE], &(dvdl[efptFTYPE]), md, fcd, global_atom_index);
387 v = calculateSimpleBond(ftype, nbn, iatoms.data() + nb0, iparams.data(), x, f, fshift,
388 pbc, lambda[efptFTYPE], &(dvdl[efptFTYPE]), md, fcd,
389 global_atom_index, flavor);
394 /* TODO The execution time for pairs might be nice to account
395 to its own subtimer, but first wallcycle needs to be
396 extended to support calling from multiple threads. */
397 do_pairs(ftype, nbn, iatoms.data() + nb0, iparams.data(), x, f, fshift, pbc, lambda, dvdl,
398 md, fr, havePerturbedInteractions, stepWork, grpp, global_atom_index);
403 inc_nrnb(nrnb, nrnbIndex(ftype), nbonds);
411 /*! \brief Compute the bonded part of the listed forces, parallelized over threads
413 static void calcBondedForces(const InteractionDefinitions& idef,
414 bonded_threading_t* bt,
416 const t_forcerec* fr,
417 const t_pbc* pbc_null,
418 rvec* fshiftMasterBuffer,
419 gmx_enerdata_t* enerd,
425 const gmx::StepWorkload& stepWork,
426 int* global_atom_index)
428 #pragma omp parallel for num_threads(bt->nthreads) schedule(static)
429 for (int thread = 0; thread < bt->nthreads; thread++)
433 f_thread_t& threadBuffers = *bt->f_t[thread];
439 gmx_grppairener_t* grpp;
441 zero_thread_output(&threadBuffers);
443 rvec4* ft = threadBuffers.f;
445 /* Thread 0 writes directly to the main output buffers.
446 * We might want to reconsider this.
450 fshift = fshiftMasterBuffer;
457 fshift = as_rvec_array(threadBuffers.fshift.data());
458 epot = threadBuffers.ener;
459 grpp = &threadBuffers.grpp;
460 dvdlt = threadBuffers.dvdl;
462 /* Loop over all bonded force types to calculate the bonded forces */
463 for (ftype = 0; (ftype < F_NRE); ftype++)
465 const InteractionList& ilist = idef.il[ftype];
466 if (!ilist.empty() && ftype_is_bonded_potential(ftype))
468 ArrayRef<const int> iatoms = gmx::makeConstArrayRef(ilist.iatoms);
469 v = calc_one_bond(thread, ftype, idef, iatoms, idef.numNonperturbedInteractions[ftype],
470 bt->workDivision, x, ft, fshift, fr, pbc_null, grpp, nrnb,
471 lambda, dvdlt, md, fcd, stepWork, global_atom_index);
476 GMX_CATCH_ALL_AND_EXIT_WITH_FATAL_ERROR
480 bool ListedForces::haveRestraints() const
482 GMX_ASSERT(fcdata_, "Need valid fcdata");
483 GMX_ASSERT(fcdata_->orires && fcdata_->disres, "NMR restraints objects should be set up");
485 return (!idef_->il[F_POSRES].empty() || !idef_->il[F_FBPOSRES].empty()
486 || fcdata_->orires->nr > 0 || fcdata_->disres->nres > 0);
489 bool ListedForces::haveCpuBondeds() const
491 return threading_->haveBondeds;
494 bool ListedForces::haveCpuListedForces() const
496 return haveCpuBondeds() || haveRestraints();
502 /*! \brief Calculates all listed force interactions. */
503 void calc_listed(struct gmx_wallcycle* wcycle,
504 const InteractionDefinitions& idef,
505 bonded_threading_t* bt,
507 gmx::ForceOutputs* forceOutputs,
508 const t_forcerec* fr,
510 gmx_enerdata_t* enerd,
515 int* global_atom_index,
516 const gmx::StepWorkload& stepWork)
520 gmx::ForceWithShiftForces& forceWithShiftForces = forceOutputs->forceWithShiftForces();
522 wallcycle_sub_start(wcycle, ewcsLISTED);
523 /* The dummy array is to have a place to store the dhdl at other values
524 of lambda, which will be thrown away in the end */
525 real dvdl[efptNR] = { 0 };
526 calcBondedForces(idef, bt, x, fr, fr->bMolPBC ? pbc : nullptr,
527 as_rvec_array(forceWithShiftForces.shiftForces().data()), enerd, nrnb,
528 lambda, dvdl, md, fcd, stepWork, global_atom_index);
529 wallcycle_sub_stop(wcycle, ewcsLISTED);
531 wallcycle_sub_start(wcycle, ewcsLISTED_BUF_OPS);
532 reduce_thread_output(&forceWithShiftForces, enerd->term, &enerd->grpp, dvdl, bt, stepWork);
534 if (stepWork.computeDhdl)
536 for (int i = 0; i < efptNR; i++)
538 enerd->dvdl_nonlin[i] += dvdl[i];
541 wallcycle_sub_stop(wcycle, ewcsLISTED_BUF_OPS);
544 /* Copy the sum of violations for the distance restraints from fcd */
547 enerd->term[F_DISRESVIOL] = fcd->disres->sumviol;
551 /*! \brief As calc_listed(), but only determines the potential energy
552 * for the perturbed interactions.
554 * The shift forces in fr are not affected.
556 void calc_listed_lambda(const InteractionDefinitions& idef,
557 bonded_threading_t* bt,
559 const t_forcerec* fr,
560 const struct t_pbc* pbc,
561 gmx::ArrayRef<real> forceBufferLambda,
562 gmx::ArrayRef<gmx::RVec> shiftForceBufferLambda,
563 gmx_grppairener_t* grpp,
565 gmx::ArrayRef<real> dvdl,
570 int* global_atom_index)
572 WorkDivision& workDivision = bt->foreignLambdaWorkDivision;
574 const t_pbc* pbc_null;
584 /* We already have the forces, so we use temp buffers here */
585 std::fill(forceBufferLambda.begin(), forceBufferLambda.end(), 0.0_real);
586 std::fill(shiftForceBufferLambda.begin(), shiftForceBufferLambda.end(),
587 gmx::RVec{ 0.0_real, 0.0_real, 0.0_real });
588 rvec4* f = reinterpret_cast<rvec4*>(forceBufferLambda.data());
589 rvec* fshift = as_rvec_array(shiftForceBufferLambda.data());
591 /* Loop over all bonded force types to calculate the bonded energies */
592 for (int ftype = 0; (ftype < F_NRE); ftype++)
594 if (ftype_is_bonded_potential(ftype))
596 const InteractionList& ilist = idef.il[ftype];
597 /* Create a temporary iatom list with only perturbed interactions */
598 const int numNonperturbed = idef.numNonperturbedInteractions[ftype];
599 ArrayRef<const int> iatomsPerturbed = gmx::constArrayRefFromArray(
600 ilist.iatoms.data() + numNonperturbed, ilist.size() - numNonperturbed);
601 if (!iatomsPerturbed.empty())
603 /* Set the work range of thread 0 to the perturbed bondeds */
604 workDivision.setBound(ftype, 0, 0);
605 workDivision.setBound(ftype, 1, iatomsPerturbed.ssize());
607 gmx::StepWorkload tempFlags;
608 tempFlags.computeEnergy = true;
609 real v = calc_one_bond(0, ftype, idef, iatomsPerturbed, iatomsPerturbed.ssize(),
610 workDivision, x, f, fshift, fr, pbc_null, grpp, nrnb, lambda,
611 dvdl.data(), md, fcd, tempFlags, global_atom_index);
620 void ListedForces::calculate(struct gmx_wallcycle* wcycle,
622 const t_lambda* fepvals,
624 const gmx_multisim_t* ms,
626 gmx::ArrayRef<const gmx::RVec> xWholeMolecules,
628 gmx::ForceOutputs* forceOutputs,
629 const t_forcerec* fr,
630 const struct t_pbc* pbc,
631 gmx_enerdata_t* enerd,
635 int* global_atom_index,
636 const gmx::StepWorkload& stepWork)
638 if (!stepWork.computeListedForces)
643 const InteractionDefinitions& idef = *idef_;
644 t_fcdata& fcdata = *fcdata_;
646 t_pbc pbc_full; /* Full PBC is needed for position restraints */
647 if (haveRestraints())
649 if (!idef.il[F_POSRES].empty() || !idef.il[F_FBPOSRES].empty())
651 /* Not enough flops to bother counting */
652 set_pbc(&pbc_full, fr->pbcType, box);
655 /* TODO Use of restraints triggers further function calls
656 inside the loop over calc_one_bond(), but those are too
657 awkward to account to this subtimer properly in the present
658 code. We don't test / care much about performance with
659 restraints, anyway. */
660 wallcycle_sub_start(wcycle, ewcsRESTRAINTS);
662 if (!idef.il[F_POSRES].empty())
664 posres_wrapper(nrnb, idef, &pbc_full, x, enerd, lambda, fr, &forceOutputs->forceWithVirial());
667 if (!idef.il[F_FBPOSRES].empty())
669 fbposres_wrapper(nrnb, idef, &pbc_full, x, enerd, fr, &forceOutputs->forceWithVirial());
672 /* Do pre force calculation stuff which might require communication */
673 if (fcdata.orires->nr > 0)
675 GMX_ASSERT(!xWholeMolecules.empty(), "Need whole molecules for orienation restraints");
676 enerd->term[F_ORIRESDEV] = calc_orires_dev(
677 ms, idef.il[F_ORIRES].size(), idef.il[F_ORIRES].iatoms.data(), idef.iparams.data(),
678 md, xWholeMolecules, x, fr->bMolPBC ? pbc : nullptr, fcdata.orires, hist);
680 if (fcdata.disres->nres > 0)
682 calc_disres_R_6(cr, ms, idef.il[F_DISRES].size(), idef.il[F_DISRES].iatoms.data(), x,
683 fr->bMolPBC ? pbc : nullptr, fcdata.disres, hist);
686 wallcycle_sub_stop(wcycle, ewcsRESTRAINTS);
689 calc_listed(wcycle, idef, threading_.get(), x, forceOutputs, fr, pbc, enerd, nrnb, lambda, md,
690 &fcdata, global_atom_index, stepWork);
692 /* Check if we have to determine energy differences
693 * at foreign lambda's.
695 if (fepvals->n_lambda > 0 && stepWork.computeDhdl)
697 real dvdl[efptNR] = { 0 };
698 if (!idef.il[F_POSRES].empty())
700 posres_wrapper_lambda(wcycle, fepvals, idef, &pbc_full, x, enerd, lambda, fr);
702 if (idef.ilsort != ilsortNO_FE)
704 wallcycle_sub_start(wcycle, ewcsLISTED_FEP);
705 if (idef.ilsort != ilsortFE_SORTED)
707 gmx_incons("The bonded interactions are not sorted for free energy");
709 for (size_t i = 0; i < enerd->enerpart_lambda.size(); i++)
713 reset_foreign_enerdata(enerd);
714 for (int j = 0; j < efptNR; j++)
716 lam_i[j] = (i == 0 ? lambda[j] : fepvals->all_lambda[j][i - 1]);
718 calc_listed_lambda(idef, threading_.get(), x, fr, pbc, forceBufferLambda_,
719 shiftForceBufferLambda_, &(enerd->foreign_grpp), enerd->foreign_term,
720 dvdl, nrnb, lam_i, md, &fcdata, global_atom_index);
721 sum_epot(&(enerd->foreign_grpp), enerd->foreign_term);
722 enerd->enerpart_lambda[i] += enerd->foreign_term[F_EPOT];
723 for (int j = 0; j < efptNR; j++)
725 enerd->dhdlLambda[i] += dvdl[j];
729 wallcycle_sub_stop(wcycle, ewcsLISTED_FEP);